Research at least three computer architecture models. Differentiate each with the Von Neumann Model.

This architecture basically serves the Turing machine very well. The Turing machine is a bit more of a philosophical model, whereas the von Neumann architecture is a specification for the implementation of one. The CPU here is a serial processor unit which, in any way you put it, never executes more than one instruction at any given time, or per clock cycle. The CPU then has a couple of pins available that are connected to outside devices or buses. Sometimes the buses don't really contain anything, but you could put some PCI, PCIe, ISA or other kinds of electronics in them, or you could attach some device to a serial, parallel, USB or FireWire port and then the more advanced Operating Systems would allow the automatic registration of these devices and subsequent allocations of address spaces and such (through a driver and hardware-specific communication protocol like USB has).

The CPU is connected to the various other components of the computer by buses, which are a set of wires forming connections.

Even when the computer seems to be idle, lots is going on. Millions of interchanges are happening between the components, passing along a data highway called the bus. Various input/output controllers work with the CPU to ensure that all this traffic is regulated in an orderly way, so that the PC does not crash. The bus transports the data between the CPU and the other components. It is a ribbon connector, part of the motherboard. However we cannot look at the motherboard to point out the bus; it is a complex arrangement of circuits that are printed on top of and below the motherboard. These circuits are called traces.

Comparison of Harvard and Von Neumann Architectures

In Harvard architecture, the data bus and address bus are separate. Thus a greater flow of data is possible through the central processing unit, and of course, a greater speed of work. Separating a programme from data memory makes it further possible for instructions not to have to be 8-bit words. For example the Microchip PIC16F84 microcontroller uses 14 bits for instructions which allows for all instructions to be one word instructions. It is also typical for Harvard architecture to have fewer instructions than Von-Neumann's, and to have instructions usually executed in one cycle.

Microcontrollers with Harvard architecture are also called Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) microcontrollers. Microprocessors with Von-Neumann's architecture are called Complex Instruction Set Computers (CISC).

case1

Explain why we need to study Computer Architecture? What is its significance with your field as an IT or CS student? Differentiate Computer Architecture and Computer Organization?

Computer Architecture

In computer science and computer engineering, computer architecture or digital computer organization is the conceptual design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system. It forms a blueprint and functional description of requirements and design implementations for the various parts of a computer, focusing largely on the way by which the central processing unit (CPU) performs internally and accesses addresses in memory.

It may also be defined as the science and art of selecting and interconnecting hardware components to create computers that meet functional, performance and cost goals.

why we need to study Computer Architecture?
Ans:

We need to study Computer Architecture to comply and for us to have a knowledge about the structure or the design of the Central Processor Unit(CPU) and what it's parts. And to know how it could work or process.

What is its significance with your field as an IT or CS student?
Ans:
The significance of studying this subject is for me to have a broad knowledge of the structure, the parts, and how it work. And for me to study deeper why the structure had been made and how the parts will perform or how it interacts with the other parts. Also to have an idea of what to upgrade or what to buy.

Differentiate Computer Architecture and Computer Organization?
Ans:

Computer organization is how operational attributes are linked together and contribute to realize the architectural specifications.
Computer architecture is the architectural attributes like physical address memory,CPU and how they should be made and made to coordinate with each other keeping the future demands and goals in mind.

Computer architecture comes before computer organization.Its like building the design and architecture of house takes maximum time and then organization is building house by bricks or by latest technology keeping the basic layout and architecture of house in mind.

*** random thougths @ 7:09 PM